Common Laboratory Tests: Purpose, Reference Values and Special Considerations: Best Study Notes.

THE NOTES INCLUDE: Alanine aminotransferase Alkaline phosphatase Purpose Amylase, serum Arterial blood gas analysis Aspartate aminotransferase Bilirubin Blood urea nitrogen Calcium, serum Cho lesterol, total Creatine kinase Creatinine clearance Creatinine, serum Erythrocyte sedimentation rate Glucose, 2-hour postprandial plasma Glucose tolerance test, oral Hematocrit Hemoglobin, glycosylated Hemoglobin, total Human chorionic gonadotropin, serum Human chorionic gonadotropin, urine Human immunodeficiency virus antibodies International normalized ratio Patients with mechanical prosthetic heart valves Lipoprotein-cholesterol fractionation Magnesium, serum Myoglobin Occult blood, fecal Phosphate, serum Neonates Platelet count Potassium, Prostate-specific antigen Prothrombin time Red blood cell count Red blood cell indices Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) Full-term neonates Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin ThyroxineThyroxine Thyroxine, free, and triiodothyronine, free Free triiodothyronine (FT3) Triglycerides Triiodothyronine Pregnant patients Triiodothyronine uptake Normal findings in routine urinalysis Macroscopic Color ♦ Pale yellow to amber Odor ♦ Slightly aromatic Appearance ♦ Clear to slightly hazy Specific gravity ♦ 1.005 to 1.025 pH ♦ 4.5 to 8 Protein ♦ Negative Glucose ♦ Negative Ketone bodies ♦ Negative Bilirubin ♦ Negative Urobilinogen ♦ 0.5 to 4 mg/day Hemoglobin ♦ Negative Erythrocytes (RBCs) ♦ Negative Nitrites (bacteria) ♦ Negative Leukocytes (WBCs) ♦ Negative Microscopic RBCs ♦ Negative or rare WBCs ♦ Negative or rare Epithelial cells ♦ Few: hyaline casts 0 to 1/lpf (low-power field) Casts ♦ Negative: occasional hyaline casts Crystals ♦ Negative (none) Bacteria ♦ None Yeast cells ♦ None Parasites ♦ None Uric acid, serum Urinalysis, routine White blood cell count White blood cell differential