ETHC445 FINAL EXAM 2017

Question 1. 1.(TCOs 2, 4, 5, 6) The idea that the assisted suicide of terminally ill patients should be allowed simply at the patient's direction reflects what type of ethics? (Points : 5)

Hobbes' State of Nature

Rand's Objectivism

Aristotle's concept of Virtue

Thomas Aquinas' concept of conscience

Socrates' concept of excellence

Question 2. 2.(TCOs 1, 2, 7) What is the moral ideal of justice? (Points : 5)

Acts of mercy beyond what is required

Making decisions in order to build friendships

Meeting legal requirements

Evaluation of situations according to their merits

Meeting the terms of the Social Contract

Question 3. 3.(TCOs 1, 2) One of the common errors in Ethics is unwarranted assumptions. Unwarranted assumptions consist of what?(Points : 5)

Preconceptions before ethical dilemmas are confronted

Failing to read carefully and with attention to detail

Taking too much for granted

Speculating apart from information

Treating case studies carelessly

Question 4. 4.(TCO 2) Prescriptive language is commonly used in ethics for what reason? (Points : 5)

To indicate what is prohibited or impossible

To indicate that one choice is better than others

To show what actions are legal

To convey requirements and obligations

To indicate that there are really no choices available

Question 5. 5.(TCOs 7, 8) Each person ought to do whatever will best promote his or her own interests.(Points : 5)

Utilitarianism

Kant's Categorical Imperative

Social Contract Theory

Ethical Egoism

Gilligan

Question 6. 6.(TCOs 2, 4, 9) Free people are motivated toward forming social structures according to a social contract in order to overcome what problem identified by Thomas Hobbes? (Points : 5)

The need to overcome disagreements

A perpetual state of warfare

The establishment of a monarchy

Taxation to support the costs of government

Organized ways to select leaders

Question 7. 7.(TCOs 3, 6) The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created through a congressional enabling act as a governmental agency to act on the concerns voiced by environmental ethicists. Their actions include which of the following? (Points : 5)

Subpoena regulation offenders

Monitor situations of environmental concern

Fine offenders

Sponsor new legislation on environmental issues

All of the above.

Question 8. 8.(TCOs 3, 6, 7) The notion that the only thing good without qualification is a good will is attributed to whom? (Points : 5)

St. Thomas Aquinas

Socrates

John Locke

Immanuel Kant

Oliver Cromwell

Question 9. 9.(TCOs 8, 9) John Stuart Mill's theory of Utilitarianism is the most common form of ethics in use today. It is used so commonly because it belongs to which of the Primary Schools of Ethics? (Points : 5)

Care-based

Ends-based

Economy-based

Law-based

Efficiency-based

Question 10. 10.(TCOs 3, 6, 7) What is the purpose of proving whether a syllogism of formal logic is “valid”? (Points : 5)

To identify the connecting phrase “therefore” or a synonym of it before proceeding further

To determine whether the situation described is accurate

To determine whether the premises are true before continuing

To determine whether the conclusion proceeds from the premises

To determine that there are only two premise statements in the syllogism

Question 11. 11.(TCOs 1, 2) Different from normal problem solving, dilemmas are different in what aspect? (Points : 5)

Problems are much more complicated

When one choice is chosen, the opportunity for the others is lost

Problems are much more urgent

Problems are so much more real and less theoretical

Problems usually involve not honoring our own virtues

Question 12. 12.(TCOs 1, 2, 7) According to Thomas Aquinas, what ethical capacity do people of every culture naturally possess? (Points : 5)

Logical thinking

Personal virtues

Self-interest

Ability to learn lessons

Conscience

Question 13. 13.(TCOs 2, 8) The single criterion for making decisions in objectivist ethics is what? (Points : 5)

Professional development

Personal self-interest

The physical environment

Financial gain

The close group of family and friends who will be impacted

Question 14. 14.(TCOs 1, 2, 5) The world view of ruthless and unending competition for property and wealth was spelled out in which of these concepts? (Points : 5)

Locke’s notion of the natural state of man

Rawls’ notion of the veil of ignorance

Aristotle’s notion of the doctrine of the mean

Hammurabi’s code of law

Hobbes’ state of nature

Question 15. 15.(TCOs 3, 6, 7) Kant's concern that people choose to observe universal laws as their duty is expressed through what actions?(Points : 5)

Their habits

Their maxims

Their desires

Their loves

Their loyalties

Question 16. 16.(TCOs 2, 7, 8) Personal development and discovery through the repetition of good acts and study of virtue characterizes what ethicist? (Points : 5)

Plato

Aristotle

Luther

Augustine

Socrates

Question 17. 17.(TCOs 2, 8) Professional codes of conduct serve what function for business and industry? (Points : 5)

Allow businesses to avoid training professional staffers

Enable transfer of valued employees across state lines

Enable contracting of temporary employees

Specify continuing education needs and requirements

Providing assurance of the professional qualifications of members

Question 18. 18.(TCOs 2, 7) Aristotle's Ethical Doctrine of the Mean measured personal virtues on a scale that included the virtue itself, the excess of it, and the deficiency of it. If the virtue is GENEROSITY, and the excess is WASTEFULNESS, what is the deficiency?

(Points : 5)

Carefulness

There is no deficiency

Being broke (having no money)

Stinginess

Moderation

Question 19. 19.(TCOs 8, 9) In personal or organizational conflict, what benefits accrue to all parties when a leader or consultant employees one of the ethical conflict resolution models of Week 6? (Points : 5)

Objectives of what winning the conflict means get refined and better understood

Conflict management gets slowed down and settled.

Conflict can be handled in a sequential, step-by-step manner

Parties can be reconciled without solving the issues

Personal relationships can be separated from issues

Question 20. 20.(TCOs 1, 2) The Latin term a priori describes the origin of knowledge developed rationally, and the term a posterioridescribes knowledge developed through observation and experience. What is an example of ethics is best described as discovered in an a priorimanner? (Points : 5)

Utilitarian ethics

Objectivist ethics

Deontological ethics

Political ethics

Scientific ethics