ETHC445 FINAL EXAM 2017

Question 1. 1.(TCOs 2, 4, 5, 6) The idea that the assisted suicide of terminally ill patients should be allowed simply at the patient's direction reflects what type of ethics? (Points : 5)
Hobbes' State of Nature
Rand's Objectivism
Aristotle's concept of Virtue
Thomas Aquinas' concept of conscience
Socrates' concept of excellence Question 2. 2.(TCOs 1, 2, 7) What is the moral ideal of justice? (Points : 5) Acts of mercy beyond what is required
Making decisions in order to build friendships
Meeting legal requirements
Evaluation of situations according to their merits
Meeting the terms of the Social Contract Question 3. 3.(TCOs 1, 2) One of the common errors in Ethics is unwarranted assumptions. Unwarranted assumptions consist of what?(Points : 5)
Preconceptions before ethical dilemmas are confronted
Failing to read carefully and with attention to detail
Taking too much for granted
Speculating apart from information
Treating case studies carelessly Question 4. 4.(TCO 2) Prescriptive language is commonly used in ethics for what reason? (Points : 5) To indicate what is prohibited or impossible
To indicate that one choice is better than others
To show what actions are legal
To convey requirements and obligations
To indicate that there are really no choices available Question 5. 5.(TCOs 7, 8) Each person ought to do whatever will best promote his or her own interests.(Points : 5) Utilitarianism
Kant's Categorical Imperative
Social Contract Theory
Ethical Egoism
Gilligan Question 6. 6.(TCOs 2, 4, 9) Free people are motivated toward forming social structures according to a social contract in order to overcome what problem identified by Thomas Hobbes? (Points : 5)
The need to overcome disagreements
A perpetual state of warfare
The establishment of a monarchy
Taxation to support the costs of government
Organized ways to select leaders Question 7. 7.(TCOs 3, 6) The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created through a congressional enabling act as a governmental agency to act on the concerns voiced by environmental ethicists. Their actions include which of the following? (Points : 5) Subpoena regulation offenders
Monitor situations of environmental concern
Fine offenders
Sponsor new legislation on environmental issues
All of the above. Question 8. 8.(TCOs 3, 6, 7) The notion that the only thing good without qualification is a good will is attributed to whom? (Points : 5) St. Thomas Aquinas
Socrates
John Locke
Immanuel Kant
Oliver Cromwell Question 9. 9.(TCOs 8, 9) John Stuart Mill's theory of Utilitarianism is the most common form of ethics in use today. It is used so commonly because it belongs to which of the Primary Schools of Ethics? (Points : 5)
 Care-based
Ends-based
Economy-based
Law-based
Efficiency-based Question 10. 10.(TCOs 3, 6, 7) What is the purpose of proving whether a syllogism of formal logic is “valid”? (Points : 5) To identify the connecting phrase “therefore” or a synonym of it before proceeding further
To determine whether the situation described is accurate
To determine whether the premises are true before continuing
To determine whether the conclusion proceeds from the premises
To determine that there are only two premise statements in the syllogism Question 11. 11.(TCOs 1, 2) Different from normal problem solving, dilemmas are different in what aspect? (Points : 5) Problems are much more complicated
When one choice is chosen, the opportunity for the others is lost
Problems are much more urgent
Problems are so much more real and less theoretical
Problems usually involve not honoring our own virtues Question 12. 12.(TCOs 1, 2, 7) According to Thomas Aquinas, what ethical capacity do people of every culture naturally possess? (Points : 5)
Logical thinking
Personal virtues
Self-interest
Ability to learn lessons
Conscience Question 13. 13.(TCOs 2, 8) The single criterion for making decisions in objectivist ethics is what? (Points : 5) Professional development
Personal self-interest
The physical environment
Financial gain
The close group of family and friends who will be impacted Question 14. 14.(TCOs 1, 2, 5) The world view of ruthless and unending competition for property and wealth was spelled out in which of these concepts? (Points : 5)
Locke’s notion of the natural state of man
Rawls’ notion of the veil of ignorance
Aristotle’s notion of the doctrine of the mean
Hammurabi’s code of law
Hobbes’ state of nature Question 15. 15.(TCOs 3, 6, 7) Kant's concern that people choose to observe universal laws as their duty is expressed through what actions?(Points : 5)
Their habits
Their maxims
Their desires
Their loves
Their loyalties Question 16. 16.(TCOs 2, 7, 8) Personal development and discovery through the repetition of good acts and study of virtue characterizes what ethicist? (Points : 5)
Plato
Aristotle
Luther
Augustine
Socrates Question 17. 17.(TCOs 2, 8) Professional codes of conduct serve what function for business and industry? (Points : 5) Allow businesses to avoid training professional staffers
Enable transfer of valued employees across state lines
Enable contracting of temporary employees
Specify continuing education needs and requirements
Providing assurance of the professional qualifications of members Question 18. 18.(TCOs 2, 7) Aristotle's Ethical Doctrine of the Mean measured personal virtues on a scale that included the virtue itself, the excess of it, and the deficiency of it. If the virtue is GENEROSITY, and the excess is WASTEFULNESS, what is the deficiency?
(Points : 5)
Carefulness
There is no deficiency
Being broke (having no money)
Stinginess
Moderation Question 19. 19.(TCOs 8, 9) In personal or organizational conflict, what benefits accrue to all parties when a leader or consultant employees one of the ethical conflict resolution models of Week 6? (Points : 5)
Objectives of what winning the conflict means get refined and better understood
Conflict management gets slowed down and settled.
Conflict can be handled in a sequential, step-by-step manner
Parties can be reconciled without solving the issues
Personal relationships can be separated from issues Question 20. 20.(TCOs 1, 2) The Latin term a priori describes the origin of knowledge developed rationally, and the term a posterioridescribes knowledge developed through observation and experience. What is an example of ethics is best described as discovered in an a priorimanner? (Points : 5)
Utilitarian ethics
Objectivist ethics
Deontological ethics
Political ethics
Scientific ethics