GI Case study.docx NURS 615 GI Case Study â Ruth Jones Maryville University NURS 615

GI Case study.docx  NURS 615  GI Case Study – Ruth Jones  Maryville University  NURS 615: Advanced Pharmacotherapeutics  For this assignment we are presented with Ruth Jones who is a 60-year-old woman with complaints of heartburn. She has reported that the episodes occur mostly after eating and at night causing nausea, regurgitation, and severe burning in her chest. After examination and test results are assessed it is then that the she is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Of importance to note are the history of asthma, osteoporosis, and a fractured hip.   Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a health complication resulting from the reflux of gastric contents on through the lower esophageal sphincter into the esophagus, causing injuries to the esophageal tissues. The pathogenesis of GERD is due to multiple factors. It is hypothesized that the injurious effects of gastric contents, including acids, bile, pepsin and the other duodenal materials corrode and overwhelm the normal esophageal protective antireflux barriers. These include esophageal mucosa lining that acts as a barrier for protection against the gastric contents (Menezes & Herbella, 2017).  The pharmacological treatments for GERD includes antacids, histamine 2 blockers, proton pump inhibitors and prokinetic agents (Klenzak, et al, 2018). The mode of action of antacids is neutralizing gastric acids in the stomach. However, antacid use has a short-term therapeutic effect and are suitable for intermittent and not freq