GGH1501-2015-MAY-JUNE MEMO 87 PAGES

GGH1501-2015-MAY-JUNE MEMO SECTION A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 4 3 3 5 2 2 4 2 1 1 3 4 3 2 15 No numbers on map SECTION B QUESTION 1 1.1. Phenomena: Active volcanoes  Spatial location - It refers to where a phenomenon is situated. It can either be given in absolute terms (for example, the geographic coordinate location of Mayon, the most active volcano in the Phillipines is 13o 22’ N 125o 04’ E) or in relative terms. Relative location is described using descriptive words which locate the place, facility or feature in relation to other features. For example, an active volcano called Musuan is located in Bukidnon. Spatial location also explains the spatial relationship between volcanism and the location of past volcanic activity. The concept defines the location of past volcanic activity, and can be used to track evidence of volcanic activity.  Spatial distribution - Spatial distribution is the arrangement of phenomenon across the earth’s surface and a graphical display of such an arrangement is an important tool in geographical and environmental statistics. It describes the relationship between phenomenon in physical space. It explains why phenomenon exists in a certain location or in a certain distribution pattern. For example, most active volcanoes in the Philippines exist in the Islands.  Spatial variation - describes the situation that occurs when a quantity that is measured at different spatial locations exhibits values that differ across the locations. For example, the nature of active volcanoes in the Philippines differon those located in Islands and those located inland. Both the triggers of an eruption, and their occurrences are not the same.  Spatial association - is the degree to which things are similarly arranged in space. Analysis of the distribution patterns of two phenomena is done by map overlay. In order to explain the locations, spatial variations and distributions we observe, it is often necessary to also look at one or more other phenomena. It may be that the distribution pattern of these other phenomena may hold the key to unravelling the ‘Why is it where it is’ question about the phenomenon we are investigating. For example, there is a strong degree of association between the distribution of volcanoes and the boundary of the pacific plate. Over 90% of the volcanoes are distributed along the western, northern and eastern boundaries of the plate, the exception is a small cluster of volcanoes in Hawaii which is located in the centre of the Pacific Plate, more than 4000 kilometres from the nearest boundary. 1.2. Geographic phenomena - refers to the events that take place in geographic space and time. An example of geographic phenomena can be a...

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