Phobias and Addictions PSY300

Phobias and Addictions PSY300 Phobias and Addictions In today’s society, many individuals suffer from phobias and addictions. Phobias and addictions are typically paired because those with an addiction began with a phobia they were unaware of. Phobias and addictions should be fragmented into two groups of conditioning with the effects each partakes on an individual: classical and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning occurs when an individual discovers how to respond to a stimulus in their atmosphere. Operant conditioning is when one responds to a reward or penalty. The foremost difference between classical and operant conditioning is the response and a stimulus, which can lead to addictions and phobias. Addictions An addiction is a determined behavior in wanting and needing something. Most know it can have unsympathetic consequences, but the individual will continue this behavior because of the addictions. Furthermore, the majority of addictions start with a satisfying involvement with something and desires to prolong or recreate the act. The addictive individual will endure the behavior with very little, if any self-discipline, even when it can become damaging or has already taken over their body. A person who is addicted will familiarize with desires and cravings to connect with the behavior and this need will build up, until the behavior kicks in again, typically feeling relief, and ecstasy (Grant, Potenza, Weinstein, & Gorelick, 2010). Additionally, operant conditioning is controlled by the environment using reinforcement or punishment toward good or bad behavior. Addictions strive for instant gratification from ones drives and impulses. Operant conditioning focuses on behavior that is voluntary and there are numerous types of addictions. For example, gambling is an addiction and reward may be given in the end. Also, sex addiction is a behavior pattern that can depend on the range of sexual expressions to deal with stress life throws at some. Sex addiction is a recurring form of contemplation developments and behaviors that remains, in spite of the negative outcomes toward the one who is addicted. Last, human beings must eat to survive, but there are those who may take advantage and have food addictions. However, a person may start to eat extra food than needed to fill a hidden negation and can beco...

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