NURS 611-Patho Exam 4 “WE ARE OUT THE DOOR” QUESTIONS AN ANSWERS. A+ GRADED

611-Patho Exam 4 “WE ARE OUT THE DOOR” Q&A Summer 2017 1. Exposure to which substance protects the mucosal barrier of the stomach? a. Prostaglandins b. Helicobacter pylori c. Aspirin d. Regurgitated bile Prostaglandins. Prostaglandins and enterogastrones, such as gastric inhibitory peptide, somatostatin, and secretin, inhibit acid secretion. 2. Glucose transport enhances the absorption of which electrolyte? a. Sodium b. Potassium c. Phosphate d. Chloride Sodium. Sodium passes through the tight junctions and is actively transported across cell membranes. Sodium and glucose share a common active transport carrier (sodium-glucose ligand transporter 1 [SGLT1]). 3. What is the cause of gastroesophageal reflux disease? a. Excessive production of hydrochloric acid b. Zone of low pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter c. Presence of Helicobacter pylori in the esophagus d. Reverse muscular peristalsis of the esophagus Zone of low pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter. Normally, the resting tone of the lower esophageal sphincter maintains a zone of high pressure that prevents gastroesophageal reflux. In individuals who develop reflux esophagitis, this pressure tends to be lower than normal from either transient relaxation or a weakness of the sphincter. 4. By what mechanism does intussusception cause an intestinal obstruction? a. Telescoping of part of the intestine into another section of intestine, usually causing strangulation of the blood supply b. Twisting the intestine on its mesenteric pedicle, causing occlusion of the blood...

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