BIO 2070 MICRO WEEK 5 MIDTERM

Brief description of HIV/AIDS 
Living in the state that has one of the highest rate for individuals with AIDS or HIV makes this disease a relevant topic that is near to me. I am so concerned about our society especially the younger generations when it comes to the wide rapid spread of AIDS throughout Georgia. According to the Center for Disease Control CDC, every 1 in 51 persons in Georgia would be diagnosed with HIV (CDC, 2016). HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. When left untreated, HIV can lead to an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Work conducted by government departments to mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS.
The United States is working diligently with the Obama’s administration to fight, cure, and prevent HIV. For the upcoming fiscal year President Obama has set aside $788 million dollars for domestic HIV/AIDS prevention and research at the CDC (CDC, 2016). There are many different studies being conducted to mitigate the impact that HIV has on the US. I am going to choose one to discuss which is PrEP. PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) is used as an anti-HIV drug for individuals who are not diagnosed with HIV. PrEP was released in 2014. When PrEP is taking daily along with Truvada it reduces a person from being infected by 92 percent (CDC, 2014).
Investigations, research studies, and other surveillance data analyses regarding HIV/AIDS.
There is not a cure for HIV as of yet so, there are still 2.7 million people infected with HIV in the world. Since, researchers cannot cure the infected patients they decided to come up with a solution to curb the rapid spread of HIV. The first phases of the PrEP study were administrated as a topical cream that was inserted vaginally or rectally before and after sex but, not to be used no more than twice a day. This study revealed promising results and allow researchers to experiment more with PrEP. In 2007 phase two and three of this study was administered orally to the participants and it was a great success. Participants was given PrEP along with Truvada which is a pill that contains tenofovir and emtricitabine once per day. The results of this study will reduced the spread of HIV (Nicol, et al, 2013).
Instances of the emergence and re-emergence of HIV/AIDS.
HIV has quickly been emerging over the past years in the southern states due to the increase in the gay and transgender community. If you would compare the two charts below and see the comparison between the LGBT communities and the states highly infected with HIV they are very similar. Where there is a high infected area of HIV there is also a highly populated LGBT community.