ACCT604 Managerial Accounting paper

Pristine Limited (PL) manufactures and sells fireproof safes and document containers of various shapes and sizes for home use, including safes made to Australian/New Zealand Industry standard AS/NZS 3809. The division now makes 50 different products but these fit into the two main product groups of 35 metal safes and 15 more recently developed plastic safes.

Table 1 shows last quarter’s income statement by product group.

Table 1—Quarter 1 income statement by product group

Metal safes Plastic safes

Total

$$$

$

$

$

Sales revenues

296900

246800

543700

Direct materials

2150020680

42180

Process and support costs

231770170280402050

Total costs

253270

190960

444230

Net income

43630

55840

99470

Profit margin

14.7%

22.6%

18.3%

The managing director, Christine Smith, is concerned because the net margin on metal safes has fallen below the company’s target of 20 per cent and because company profits have been falling despite overall sales growth and increased capacity utilisation. Metal safes is the high volume product group but sales fell by 5 per cent last quarter. Plastic safes sell at much lower volumes, but the sales of plastic safes increased by 15 per cent last quarter, despite recent price increases and their apparently high margins. The marketing director, Colin Drake, tries to explain the trends as follows:

The margins on metal safes are being squeezed because of ridiculously low prices set by the competition. However, the increased sales of high margin plastic safes should compensate for this. I therefore propose to concentrate marketing resources on plastic safes.

However, Christine highlights that despite selling more plastic safes overall profitability is falling. She questions the reliability of the present costing system, which has remained very traditional despite PL having become a much more complex business in recent years. PL’s process and support costs are currently absorbed on the basis of total process hours using a single overhead absorption rate of $23.65 per process hour. Christine argues that although raw materials are cheaper, overall production of plastic safes is quite complex and she questions whether the simplistic costing system is missing something. She requests an investigation into improved costing procedures using an activity-based costing model.

It is established that there are five main activities undertaken by PL. Table 2 shows details of these activities, their cost drivers and their estimated costs per quarter.

Table 2—D

Activity

ata on key activities

Cost driver

Estimated costs

Insulation process

Insulation process hours

$ 180700

Assembly process

Assembly process hours

69600

Quality control

Number of inspections

80080

Materials management

Number of requisitions

47800

Selling and administration

Number of sales orders

23870

Total process and support costs

402050

Table 3 shows last quarter’s actual activity rates.

Table 3—Act

Activity

ivity rates for the

Metal safes

last quarter

Plastic safes

Total

activity

Insulation process hours

7000

6000

13000

Assembly hours

2800

1200

4000

Total process hours

9800

7200

17000

Number of inspections

40

100

140

Number of requisitions

300

700

1000

Number of sales orders

30

47

77

The assembly process for plastic safes is quite complex and there has recently been a high level of rejects. This has resulted in the need for increased quality control activities. Plastic safes generally comprise more components than metal safes, causing more material movements. The plastic safe product group is still new and PL’s customer base is characterised by a large number of customers each ordering small volumes.

REQUIRED:

1) Explain TWO general problems associated with Pristine Limited’s traditional costing system.

(4 marks)

2) Highlight FOUR indicators that the current costing system is outdated and flawed. (8 marks)

3) Calculate the activity cost rates to be used in the desired activity-based costing system.

(5 marks)

4) Prepare a revised income statement by product group tracing process and support costs to product groups using activity-based costing methodology. (15 marks)

5) Briefly explain the differences in product costs and net profit margins between the two

alternative costing systems. (6 marks)

6) State the benefits, costs and issues of adopting the activity- based costing system to Pristine Limited. (8 marks)