CISM4157 Assignment Complete Solution

INSTRUCTIONS: Complete the table below by providing an explanation of what the PHP and SQL keyword/phrase does and provide an example of how the code is used. 

#

PHP Keyword/ phrase

Explanation

Example

Chapter 8

i.e.

<?php … ?>

The PhP tags allow for code within the tags to be interpreted and executed, while any PHP code outside the tags will not work

<?php

     echo ”Hello World!”

?>

1

#              AND

/* … */

The PhP comments, # is used to comment a single line. /* … */ is used to comment multiple statements.

Comments are ignored and not executed as these are used to write information for easy understanding of code.

# This is a one line comment

/*

This is multiple line comment.

Line 2

*/

2

$

$ is used to define and declaring PhP variables.

$num = 2;

3

define(name,value)

define is used to define the named constants in PhP where name is the name of the constant and value is the value of the constant.

define(“Name”, “John”);

echo Name; // outputs “John”

4

echo

echo is used to output one or more strings in PhP

Echo “Hello World!”

5

include        AND

include_once

include and include_once includes and evaluates the file during the execution of the script. include_once includes the file only once, if it is already included, it will not be included again.

include_once “methods.php”

include “global.php”

6

require        AND

require_once

require is similar to include except it throws compile time error when the file is not present. Similarly require_once only checks for file once.

require “methods.php”

require_once “todo.php”

7

if…else AND if…elseif

if…else and if…elseif are the conditional statements where it checks is the condition is true, if it is true the statement in if block are executed else statements of else block are executed. In case of elseif another condition is checked.

if ($x < $y){

echo “x is less than y”;

}

else if ($y < $x){

echo “y is less than x”;

}

else

{ echo “both are equal”

}