NCLEX PHARMACOLOGY & PHYSIOLOGY EXAMS WITH NGN (REAL EXAM)

A nurse is caring for a patient with a platelet count of 20,000/ microliter. Which of the following is an important intervention? A. Observe for evidence of spontaneous bleeding. B. Limit visitors to family only. C. Give aspirin in case of headaches. D. Impose immune precautions. Incorrect Correct Answer: A. Observe for evidence of spontaneous bleeding. Platelet counts under 30,000/microliter may cause spontaneous petechiae and bruising, particularly in the extremities. When the count falls below 15,000, spontaneous bleeding into the brain and internal organs may occur. Headaches may be a sign and should be watched for. Options B and D: Thrombocytopenia does not compromise immunity, and there is no reason to limit visitors as long as any physical trauma is prevented. Option C: Aspirin disables platelets and should never be used in the presence of thrombocytopenia. 24. Question 1 point(s) Category: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies A nurse in the emergency department assesses a patient who has been taking long-term corticosteroids to treat renal disease. Which of the following is a typical side effect of corticosteroid treatment? Select all that apply. A. Hypertension B. Cushingoid features C. Hyponatremia D. Low serum albumin E. Mood swings Incorrect Correct Answer: A, B, D, and E. Side effects of corticosteroids include weight gain, fluid retention with hypertension, Cushingoid features, low serum albumin, suppressed inflammatory response, and mood swings. Patients are encouraged to eat a diet high in protein, vitamins, and minerals and low in sodium. Option C: Corticosteroids cause hypernatremia and not hyponatremia. 25. Question 1 point(s) Category: Physiological Adaptation A nurse is caring for patients in the oncology unit. Which of the following is the most important nursing action when caring for a neutropenic patient? A. Change the disposable mask immediately after use. B. Change gloves immediately after use. C. Minimize patient contact. D. Minimize conversation with the patient.