CJUS 330 Judicial Process Test 1 Answers

CJUS 330 Judicial Process Test 1 Answers

                •            

•             Question 1

2 out of 2 points

                Which term refers to the methods of enforcing legal obligations?                                            

•             Question 2

2 out of 2 points

                The operation of two separate and distinct court systems in the United States is referred to as:                                

•             Question 3

2 out of 2 points

                Another word for stare decisis is:                                            

•             Question 4

2 out of 2 points

                Much of the Bill of Rights has been made applicable to the states through the:                                  

•             Question 5

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                The mental state required for a crime to have been committed is referred to as the actus reus.                                

•             Question 6

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                To be criminal, an act must be voluntary.                                             

•             Question 7

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                Legislatures did not become a principal source of law in the United States until the 20th century.                                             

•             Question 8

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                The due process model emphasizes protecting the rights of the individual.                                         

•             Question 9

2 out of 2 points

                CASE 2.1

The founding fathers engaged in a vigorous debate over whether there should be a federal court system separate from the state systems. Those who supported a strong federal judiciary ultimately prevailed. Subsequent expansion of the federal courts has created a contemporary controversy over how to alleviate the problem of rising caseloads within the federal court system.

Which of the following statements regarding proposals to reduce federal caseloads is TRUE?                                     

•             Question 10

2 out of 2 points

                Which Article of the U.S. Constitution provides the basis for the federal judiciary?                                           

•             Question 11

2 out of 2 points

                What is one of the major weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation prior to 1787?                                     

•             Question 12

2 out of 2 points

                Drug prosecutions account for approximately what percentage of all federal criminal cases?                                       

•             Question 13

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                Article III judges are nominated by the President and confirmed by the U.S. Senate.                                      

•             Question 14

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                The federal courts set the parameters for the operations of the criminal justice system.                                               

•             Question 15

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                The United States has one national court system plus separate court systems in each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia.                                      

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 16

0 out of 1.5 points

                In misdemeanor and petty offense cases, U.S. magistrate judges may preside over trials, accept pleas of guilty, and also impose sentences.                                

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 17

2 out of 2 points

                Which type of panels are typically used by intermediate courts of appeals?                                         

                Selected Answer:            .

rotating three-judge panel

•             Question 18

2 out of 2 points

                In Ewing v. California (2002), the U.S. Supreme Court enacted what State of California law?                                         

                Selected Answer:            .

three strikes

•             Question 19

2 out of 2 points

                About __________ cases are filed each year in the major trial courts of the states.                                        

                Selected Answer:            .

31.9

•             Question 20

0 out of 2 points

                To be eligible for drug treatment by drug courts, defendants:                                    

                Selected Answer:            .

may be charged with drug possession or drug sale.

•             Question 21

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                Most criminal cases do not go to trial.                                    

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 22

0 out of 1.5 points

                In domestic violence courts, a single judge handles multiple criminal, family court, and divorce cases involving the same defendant.                                            

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 23

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                Citizens are more likely to have contact with a trial court of limited jurisdiction than with any other type of court.                                               

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 24

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                A century ago, state courts systems included only a single appellate body—the state court of last resort.                                             

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 25

0 out of 2 points

                Which state supreme court ruled that juveniles have the constitutional right to a trial by jury?                                   

                Selected Answer:            .

California

•             Question 26

2 out of 2 points

                Most states consider children to be juveniles until they reach which birthday?                                  

                Selected Answer:            .

18

•             Question 27

2 out of 2 points

                Which act mandated deinstitutionalization of juvenile offenders?                                           

                Selected Answer:            .

the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act

•             Question 28

2 out of 2 points

                CASE 4.1

Beginning around 1890, members of the Progressive movement advocated a variety of political, economic, and social reforms. They were genuinely concerned about the economic disparities, social disorders, and excesses of industrialization, particularly as they affected children. Progressives denounced the evils of child labor and pushed for legislation banning the practice. They were likewise appalled by the violent and exploitive conditions of reform schools. The fact that orphans were thrown into reform schools for the uncontrollable circumstance of having no parents shocked the Progressives’ moral values. Taking up the plight of the children of the urban immigrant poor, they argued that these children were not bad but were corrupted by the environment in which they grew up.

Which doctrine allowed the Progressives to use the juvenile court to help children?                                       

                Selected Answer:            .

parens patriae

•             Question 29

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                All states use the same ages to establish juvenile court jurisdiction.                                        

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 30

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                Parental rights may be terminated altogether if a juvenile court judge determines that the parents failed in their responsibility to raise a child properly.                                   

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 31

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                With regard to juvenile proceedings, juveniles have the right against self-incrimination.                                               

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 32

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                Historically, those 8-years-old and older were considered adults in the eyes of the law, prosecuted as adults, convicted as adults, and served their sentences in the same prison cells as adults.                                           

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 33

0 out of 2 points

                Which concept stresses the importance of the patterned interactions of judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys?                                         

                Selected Answer:            .

the courtroom workgroup concept

•             Question 34

2 out of 2 points

                Which of the following is NOT a major subcomponent of discretion?                                      

                Selected Answer:            .

judicial restraints

•             Question 35

2 out of 2 points

                CASE 5.2

The regular participants in the day-to-day activities of a courtroom include the judge, prosecutor, and defense attorney. There, actors in the courtroom often make decisions without reference to specific rules or facts. The decisions made by these actors allow the courtroom process to flow smoothly and enable the speedy processing of defendants.

What is the name of the concept that describes the network of ongoing relationships among courthouse actors?                                            

                Selected Answer:            .

courtroom work group

•             Question 36

2 out of 2 points

                A problem common to all organizations, courts included, is the need to break in new members, a process known as:                                         

                Selected Answer:            .

socialization.

•             Question 37

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                The same differences of opinion about crime that characterize society as a whole likewise divide courthouse actors.                                               

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 38

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                Courts are paperwork bureaucracies.                                    

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 39

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                Speedy-trial laws are limited because they do not deal with discretion.                                 

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 40

1.5 out of 1.5 points

                The clerk of court is responsible for maintaining order in the courtroom.                                              

                Selected Answer:           

•             Question 41

Needs Grading

                Contrast the due process and crime control model                                          

                Selected Answer:            Some of the differences between the due process model and the crime control model are in the due process model people that are arrested are perceived to be innocent until proven in a court of law. The crime control model believes that the people that are arrested are guilty and need to be punished by the government. Another difference with both models is the due process model believes that policing within the criminal justice system is essential to maintaining justice within society. The crime control model believes that the arresting of people in the criminal justice system has a negative effect and slows down the process of the criminal justice system. One more difference is the due process model believes in the rights of the defendants and proving their guilt is essential to keep the government in control. The crime control model believes that the rights of the defendant cost too much and the criminal justice system should be spending more money on recruiting police officers and building prisons. Although both models have some differences, they also have some similarities. The due process model and the crime control model both believe that the defense counsel’s job is to act as an advocate within the criminal justice system. Another similarity of both models is they both believe that criminals should be punished if they violated the law.

Response Feedback:      [None Given]

•             Question 42

Needs Grading

                Contrast civil and criminal law proceedings.                                         

                Selected Answer:            ivil law and criminal law are two separate limbs of the legal system in America. Each one is broad, with its own set of laws and punishments. There are several differences between criminal cases and civil cases. Criminal cases aim to punish the offender, who has offended the state (or society). Civil lawsuits, on the other hand, are filed to get the offender to make good the wrong they’ve done to another individual. Civil cases may involve matters such as small claims, personal injury or property damage. By contrast, criminal cases involve misdemeanors or felonies committed against the state.

Response Feedback:      [None Given]