BIOL 1408 – Biology for Non-Science Majors I Complete Solution

Test #4 Review 
Plants, Animals, & Ecology
BIOL 1408 – Biology for Non-Science Majors I

1.    The type of life cycle seen in plants is called
2.    What structures in a plant life cycle would be considered diploid?
3.    But the following terms in the correct sequence of evolution in plants; spore plants, gymnosperms, algae, angiosperms 
4.    List the plant groups that are not seed-bearing.
5.    The key innovation that helped seed-bearing plants reproduce in dry environments is
6.    Microspores mature directly into
7.    The closest relatives of the first seed-bearing plants are 
8.    Describe what is going on as a plant is wilting. You may have to go back to earlier chapters and discuss turgidity and plasmolysis, also include transpiration.
9.    Dependence on insects and higher animals for pollination, fertilization, and dispersal is characteristic of
10.    What structures allow angiosperms to be more advanced than gymnosperms?
11.    List the plants groups that are considered vascular plants.
12.    Define cotyledon.
13.    Define meristems.
14.    List the plant groups that are considered seed bearers. 
15.    What are the two classes of angiosperms? 
16.    List the characteristics of monocots.
17.    Differentiate primary growth and secondary growth. Where does each occur in a plant?
18.    What structure that results from fertilization?
19.    Where is the plant embryo found?
20.     Which part of the life cycle does a pollen grain represent? Male or female?
21.    What is the function of the stomata?
22.    What is the purpose of the mesophyll?
23.    What is the male part of a flower? Female?
24.    What part of the female matures into the fruit?
25.    Define phototropism.
26.    What structure found in angiosperms is responsible for the dispersal of the seeds?
27.    The majority of plant species today are
28.    What is the function of the anther?
29.    What is the function of the stigma?
30.    How is a fruit such as a sweet gum ball or sticker burr dispersed?
31.    How are the seeds within an edible fruit dispersed?
32.    What makes a fruit a fruit and not a vegetable? List some examples.
33.    What is a tuber? In what vegetable are they found?
34.    Differentiate xylem and phloem. 
35.    What is meant if a plant is classified as a perennial? Annual?
36.    What are petals? What’s their function?
37.    What is transpiration? In what environmental conditions would it occur the most?
38.    Describe the general characteristics of animals.
39.    Most of the animals alive today are considered vertebrates or invertebrates.
40.    How do sponges feed? Type of symmetry?  Do they have true tissues?
41.    What animals display radial symmetry? 
42.    While wading in the ocean, you look down into the water and notice an umbrella-shaped, translucent animal. It swims by pulsing its body, and long tentacles trail behind it. One of them brushes your leg. Ouch! You feel a burning sensation where it touched you. To what phylum does this creature probably belong? 
43.    Cnidocytes are used for what two processes?
44.    The most numerous, diverse, and widespread animals are found in what phylum?
45.    Walking in a basement you hear a crunching noise and notice that you have killed a small animal that has an exoskeleton. You look closely and see a few segmented, jointed appendages twitching around. What phylum does this animal represent? 
46.    List the disadvantages of an exoskeleton.
47.    An organism that can fly and has an exoskeleton must be a member of what class?
48.    List the three major body parts or sections of insects. 
49.    Which group of plants co-evolved with insects?
50.    What characteristic classifies animals as vertebrates?
51.    Craniates are chordates that all possess what structure?
52.    The vertebrate jaw first appeared in what group of animals?
53.    Sharks and rays belong to what class?
54.    Most amphibians are completely dependent on an aquatic environment for what behavior?
55.    Exchange of respiratory gases through the skin is a characteristic of many
56.    The most ancestral living tetrapods are the ___________
57.    What adaptation allowed reptiles to complete their life cycles on land? 
58.    Which animals are considered endothermic? 
59.    Differentiate ectothermic and endothermic organisms? 
60.    Describe the current scientific view of the origin of birds? 
61.    Adaptations for flight in birds include what adaptations?
62.    Describe the original function of feathers seen in dinosaurs. 
63.    What are the characteristics of all mammals? 
64.    Which group of mammals exhibits the widest distribution and greatest diversity?
65.    What is a marsupial? List some examples.
66.    The duck-billed platypus and other monotremes differ from other mammals in that they do what? 
67.    A prehensile tail is like an opposable thumb in that both are used for what?
68.    ________ spend almost all of their time on the ground, instead of in trees.
69.    ________ are known to make and use simple tools. 
70.    Our closest living relatives, the ________, exhibit several behaviors that closely resemble those of humans. 
71.    Define niche.
72.    The relationship between an insect and the plants it pollinates is an example of what type of symbiosis.
73.    List the following terms in order: germination, pollination, fertilization, seed formation.