ATI Med Surg Proctored Exam Questions & Answers Spring 2023-2024

A nurse is talking with a group of women at a community center about the current recommendations for early detection of breast cancer. The nurse should explain which of the following options? A. Begin monthly breast self-examinations at age 40 B. Have a clinical breast examination each year after age 30 C. Begin annual mammograms at age 40 D. Have breast magnetic resonance imaging every 5 years after age 50 (Correct Answer) - ✅ C. Begin annual mammograms at age 40 Women should begin performing monthly breast self-examinations at 20 years of age. From 20 to 39 years of age, women should undergo a breast examination by a health care provider every 3 years. Women older than 40 years of age should have annual breast examinations by a health care provider and an annual mammogram. A nurse is preparing a client for a bronchoscopy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.) A. Explain that the client will receive sedation and will not remember the procedure. B. Verify that the client understands the purpose and nature of the procedure. C. Offer the client sips of clear liquids until 1 hr before the test. D. Obtain a pre-procedural sputum specimen. E. Instruct the client to keep his neck in a neutral position. (Correct Answer) - ✅ A. Explain that the client will receive sedation and will not remember the procedure. B. Verify that the client understands the purpose and nature of the procedure. For a bronchoscopy, clients typically receive premedication with a benzodiazepine or an opioid to ensure sedation and amnesia. The client will have signed a consent form, so the nurse should verify that the provider explained the procedure and that the client understands it. A nurse is assessing a client who has peripheral vascular disease and a venous ulcer on the right ankle. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect in the client's affected extremity? A. Absent pedal pulses B. Ankle swelling C. Hair loss D. Skin atrophy (Correct Answer) - ✅ B. Ankle swelling The nurse should identify that swelling of the ankle is a manifestation of venous insufficiency due to poor venous return. Other manifestations can include brown pigmentations and cellulitis. A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who sustained a fall off of a roof. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of a basilar skull fracture? A. Depressed fracture of the forehead B. Clear fluid coming from the nares C. Motor loss on one side of the body D. Bleeding from the top of the scalp (Correct Answer) - ✅ B. Clear fluid coming from the nares Cerebrospinal fluid manifests as a clear fluid coming from the nares or ears, indicating a basilarskull fracture. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus. For which of the following findings should the nurse monitor? A. Proteinuria B. Oliguria C. Polyuria D. Glycosuria (Correct Answer) - ✅ C. Polyuria A client is being discharged home with oxygen therapy delivered through a nasal cannula. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the client and family members? A. Use battery-operated equipment for personal care. B. Apply mineral oil to protect the facial skin from irritation. C. Remove the television set from the client's bedroom. D. Wear cotton clothing to avoid static electricity. (Correct Answer) - ✅ D. Wear cotton clothing to avoid static electricity. The use of cotton clothing will limit the buildup of static electricity. Oxygen is a highly combustible gas. The use of oxygen in high concentrations has great combustion potential and readily fuels fire. Although it will not spontaneously burn or cause an explosion, it can easily cause a fire in a client's room if it contacts a spark. A nurse is removing personal protective equipment (PPE) after performing a procedure for a client who requires isolation precautions. Which of the following items of PPE should the nurse remove first? A. Gloves B. Gown C. Eyewear D. Mask (Correct Answer) - ✅ A nurse is monitoring a newly licensed nurse who is caring for a client. The client has active pulmonary tuberculosis, was placed on airborne precautions, and is scheduled for a chest X-ray. The nurse should instruct the newly licensed nurse to take which of the following actions? A. Have the client wear a surgical mask. B. Wear a gown for protection from the client'sinfection. C. Ask the radiology staff to perform a portable chest X-ray in the client's room. D. Place an N-95 respirator on the client. (Correct Answer) - ✅ A. Have the client wear a surgical mask. A nurse is assessing a client who has cholecystitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Blumberg's sign B. Ascites C. Gastrointestinal bleeding D. Kehr's sign (Correct Answer) - ✅ A. Blumberg's sign