ADVANCED ADULT HEALTH ATI MED SURG COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE 2024

When in doubt, the correct answer may be the low urine output (Urine output less than 30
mL/hr)
Strong indication of a hematologic disorder = Absence of hair on the legs
 Rationale: Thinning or absence of hair on the extremities indicates poor arterial
circulation to that area
Brachytherapy Treatment
 Procedure that involves placing radioactive material inside of the body
 Indication
o Commonly used to treat prostate cancer
o Cervical cancer
o Uterine (endometrial) cancer
o Brest cancer, lung cancer, eye cancer, and skin cancer
 Nursing Consideration
o Nurse needs to educate the client on the importance of remaining on bed rest
with limited movement while the radioactive implant is in place to prevent
dislodgment
o Nurse should wear a lead apron when providing direct care to provide
protection from radiation source and not turn their back toward the client
o Limit each of the client’s visitors to 30 minutes per day
o Instruct visitors to remain at least 6 feet from client receiving radiation at all
times
Indication of Pancreatitis
 Increased serum lipase level
o Rationale: due to the release of lipase into the pancreas and autodigestion
 Increased WBC count (because of the inflammatory process)
 Decreased albumin level (due to the inflammatory process)
 Increase in blood glucose levels (due to a drop-in insulin production)
Polycythemia Vera
 type of blood cancer that causes bone marrow to make too many red blood cells.
 Nursing Interventions
o Patient should elevate their legs when sitting
 Rationale: to avoid venous pooling with subsequent clot formation
o Patient should drink at least 3 Liters of fluid per day to help lower blood viscosity
o Patient should wear support hose/TED hose/SCD when awake
o Patient should use a soft toothbrush to clean their teeth (avoid flossing or
anything that increasing the risk for bleeding)
Pyelonephritis
 A bacterial infection of the kidney and renal pelvis
 Nursing consideration
o The nurse should instruct the client about the importance of wiping from front
to back following fecal elimination to avoid introducing bacteria into the urinary
tract
Dumping Syndrome information: Preventing Dumping Syndrome
 Eliminate/avoid simple sugars and sugar alcohols from the client’s diet to prevent
dumping syndrome
o Sugar, honey, and sugar alcohols increase hypertonicity and propel food through
the intestines faster than food without sweeteners
 The client should ingest protein at every meal to slow gastric emptying (preventing
dumping syndrome)
 The client should drink beverages between meals ONLY (about 1 hour after eating solid
foods)
o Rationale: Mixing food and fluids propels the mixture through the
gastrointestinal tract faster than solid food alone).
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
 Nursing Consideration
o Pre-Operative care
 Thoroughly shampoo the client’s hair prior to the EEG
o Instruct the client to be sleep-deprived prior to the EEG to increase the likelihood
of recording seizure activity
o Instruct client to lie still in reclining chair or bed and to keep their eyes closed
(for the initial recording)
o EEG takes 45 minutes to 2 hours
o EEG documents brain activity
How to Avoid Sickle Cell Crisis
 Avoid strenuous physical activities that cause overexertion
 Drinking 3 to 4 liters of fluid per day
 Avoid traveling to high altitudes and in airplanes (since passenger cabins are non￾pressurized)
 Avoid recreational activities that require persistent exposure to cold weather
EKG/ECG/Telemetry Reading
 A flattened T wave or the development of U waves is indicative of Hypokalemia
 Elevated ST Segment = Hyperkalemia
 Widen QRS = Hyperkalemia
 Prolonged QT Intervals = Hypocalcemia
o Manifestations of Hypocalcemia