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MED SURG CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM STUDY GUIDE LATEST 2024

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Med Surg Cardiovascular System

Chapter 17 The Heart

• Location: Mediastinum, tilted forward and to the left side of the chest.

• Heart is a muscle

Heart Wall

• Epicardium  outermost layer

• Myocardium  middle layer of muscle fibers that contract to pump blood

• Endocardium  inner lining, lines the surface of the heart chambers

• Pericardium – membranous sac surrounding the heart (double layered)

Double Layer of Pericardium

• Fibrous and parietal

• Thin layer of fluid present (30-50 ml)

Why is the double layer important?

• Barrier to infection

• Prevents displacement of heart

• Contains pain and other receptors for changes in heart rate and blood pressure The Heart

• 4 chambers

• Systolic – when the heart is squeezing

• Diastolic – when the heart is relaxing

Right side: low pressure system

• R atrium and R ventricle – deoxygenated blood from the vascular system à lungs

Left side: high pressure system (pumps to the rest of the body)

• L atrium and L ventricle receive oxygenated blood from the lungs and à to the rest of the systemic circulation

o A septum separates the right and left sides of the heart

o The cardiac valves direct the flow of blood through the heart chambers

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[Solved] MED SURG CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM STUDY GUIDE LATEST 2024

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  • Submitted On 22 Jan, 2024 11:09:19
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Med Surg Cardiovascular System Chapter 17 The Heart •Location: Mediastinum, tilted forward and to the left side of the chest. •Heart is a muscle Heart Wall •Epicardium – outermost layer •Myocardium – middle layer of muscle fibers that contract to pump blood •Endocardium – inner lining, l...
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