MED SURG CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM STUDY GUIDE LATEST 2024
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Med Surg Cardiovascular System
Chapter 17 The Heart
• Location: Mediastinum, tilted forward and to the left side of the chest.
• Heart is a muscle
Heart Wall
• Epicardium – outermost layer
• Myocardium – middle layer of muscle fibers that contract to pump blood
• Endocardium – inner lining, lines the surface of the heart chambers
• Pericardium – membranous sac surrounding the heart (double layered)
Double Layer of Pericardium
• Fibrous and parietal
• Thin layer of fluid present (30-50 ml)
Why is the double layer important?
• Barrier to infection
• Prevents displacement of heart
• Contains pain and other receptors for changes in heart rate and blood pressure The Heart
• 4 chambers
• Systolic – when the heart is squeezing
• Diastolic – when the heart is relaxing
Right side: low pressure system
• R atrium and R ventricle – deoxygenated blood from the vascular system à lungs
Left side: high pressure system (pumps to the rest of the body)
• L atrium and L ventricle receive oxygenated blood from the lungs and à to the rest of the systemic circulation
o A septum separates the right and left sides of the heart
o The cardiac valves direct the flow of blood through the heart chambers
[Solved] MED SURG CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM STUDY GUIDE LATEST 2024
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- Submitted On 22 Jan, 2024 11:09:19
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