NUR 2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology Final Exam Review Study Guide r

NUR 2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology Final Exam Review Study Guide 1. Cirrhosis (end stage liver disease) - irreversible end-stage of many different hepatic injuries Alcoholism, acute hepatitis, toxic hepatitis (taking too much Tylenol), and liver is fibrotic and scarred 2. What is another name for cirrhosis? - End stage lover disease 3. What happens to albumin production with liver failure? - Albumin production decreases during liver failure 4. What role does albumin play in the blood? - Albumin primarily binds to water and keeps water in our body (VERY IMPORTANT) 5. signs and symptoms of acute kidney injury (AKI) - Hypotension, renal artery obstruction (blood clot), fever, vomiting, diarrhea, burns, overuse of diuretics, hemorrhage, severe sepsis, and hear failure. 6. What are the function of the kidneys? - Get rid of excess fluid, manage blood volumes (BP), nutrients and ion concentrations (Acids & Base). 7. How do we assess for renal disorders? - checking for flank pain (CVA Tenderness) at the costovertebral angle. 8. What is cystic kidney disease? - Genetically transmitted renal disorder resulting in fluid-filled cysts; localized to one area or can affect both kidneys. 9. What causes cystic kidney disease? - Genetics 10. Nephrons - 11. Hematuria - 12. Proteinuria - 13. Nephrolithiasis (Renal calculi) - 14. Pyelonephritis - 15. Cystitis - 16. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Causes - 17. Sites of Disruption - 18. Prerenal - 19. Postrenal - 20. Intrinsic - 21. What is compartment syndrome? - 22. Why does Compartment Syndrome occur and what are the signs? - 23. What are the 5 P's? - 24. What are pressure ulcers? - 25. How are pressure ulcers staged and how can we prevent them? - 26. What are electrolyte reservoirs? - 27. What electrolytes are found stored in bones? - 28. Osteomyelitis 29. Osteoporosis 30. Rickets 31. Osteomalacia 32. Osteosarcoma (Very rare) 33. Osteoarthritis 34. Osteoarthritis S/S - 35. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) 36. Psoriatic Arthritis (RA) 37. Psoriatic Arthritis (RA) S/S - 38. Gout 39. Gout S/S - 40. Dwarfism 41. Dwarfism S/S - 42. Gigantism - 4