Anatomy & Physiology The Unity of Form and Function 8th Edition by Saladin Test Bank

Anatomy & Physiology The Unity of Form and Function 8th Edition by Saladin Test Bank

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Chapter 02 The Chemistry of Life Answer Key

True / False Questions

1.Minerals are organic elements extracted from the soil by plants.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: O01.01e List the important dietary minerals and describe the major uses of each mineral in the body.
HAPS Topic: Module O01 Nutrition.
Learning Outcome: 02.01c State the functions of minerals in the body.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Atoms and molecules

2.Molecules composed of two or more atoms are called compounds.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds.
HAPS Topic: Module C01 Atoms and molecules.
Learning Outcome: 02.01b Distinguish between elements and compounds.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Atoms and molecules

3.Hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium are three isotopes of hydrogen.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C01.01c Explain how ions and isotopes are produced by changing the relative number of specific subatomic particles with respect to the structure of an atom.
HAPS Topic: Module C01 Atoms and molecules.
Learning Outcome: 02.01d Explain the basis for radioactivity and the types and hazards of ionizing radiation.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Atoms and molecules

4.Potassium, sodium, and chlorine are trace elements.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds.
HAPS Topic: Module C01 Atoms and molecules.
Learning Outcome: 02.01b Distinguish between elements and compounds.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Atoms and molecules

5.Ionic bonds break apart in water more easily than covalent bonds do.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C02.01a List each type of bond in order by relative strength with respect to non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds.
HAPS Topic: Module C02 Chemical bonding.
Learning Outcome: 02.01f Define the types of chemical bonds.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemical bonding

6.A solution is a mixture of two or more substances that are physically blended but not chemically combined.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C03.02 Distinguish among the terms solution, solute, solvent, colloid suspension, and emulsion.
HAPS Topic: Module C03 Inorganic compounds and solutions.
Learning Outcome: 02.02c Show how three kinds of mixtures differ from each other.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Inorganic compounds and solutions

7.The pH of blood plasma is approximately 7.4, which is slightly acidic.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C03.05 State acidic, neutral, and alkaline pH values.
HAPS Topic: Module C03 Inorganic compounds and solutions.
Learning Outcome: 02.02d Define acid and base and interpret the pH scale.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Inorganic compounds and solutions

8.The high heat capacity of water makes it a very ineffective coolant.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C03.01 Discuss the physiologically important properties of water.
HAPS Topic: Module C03 Inorganic compounds and solutions.
Learning Outcome: 02.02b Describe the biologically important properties of water.
Section: 02.02
Topic: Inorganic compounds and solutions

9.In an exchange reaction, covalent bonds are broken and new covalent bonds are formed.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C04.03 Define and give examples of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis reactions.
HAPS Topic: Module C04 Organic compounds.
Learning Outcome: 02.03c List and define the fundamental types of chemical reactions.
Section: 02.03
Topic: Chemical bonding

10.Chemical reactions in which larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones are called catabolic reactions.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: O02.01 Define metabolism, anabolism and catabolism.
HAPS Topic: Module O02 Introduction to metabolism.
Learning Outcome: 02.03e Define metabolism and its two subdivisions.
Section: 02.03
Topic: Atoms and molecules

11.The opposite of a dehydration synthesis reaction is a hydrolysis reaction.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C04.03 Define and give examples of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis reactions.
HAPS Topic: Module C04 Organic compounds.
Learning Outcome: 02.03c List and define the fundamental types of chemical reactions.
Section: 02.03
Topic: Atoms and molecules

12.Unsaturated fatty acids have as much hydrogen as they can carry.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C04.04b Compare and contrast general molecular structure of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.
HAPS Topic: Module C04 Organic compounds.
Learning Outcome: 02.04e Discuss the types and functions of lipids.
Section: 02.04
Topic: Organic compounds

13.A dipeptide is a molecule with two peptide bonds.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C04.04a Identify the monomers and polymers of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.
HAPS Topic: Module C04 Organic compounds.
Learning Outcome: 02.04f Discuss protein structure and function.
Section: 02.04
Topic: Organic compounds

14.All amino acids have both a carboxyl group and an amino group attached to a central carbon.

TRUE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C04.04b Compare and contrast general molecular structure of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.
HAPS Topic: Module C04 Organic compounds.
Learning Outcome: 02.04f Discuss protein structure and function.
Section: 02.04
Topic: Organic compounds

15.ATP is the body’s most important form of long-term energy storage.

FALSE

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C05.01 Describe the generalized reversible reaction for release of energy from ATP and explain the role of ATP in the cell.
HAPS Topic: Module C05 Energy transfer using ATP.
Learning Outcome: 02.04h Describe the structure, production, and function of ATP.
Section: 02.04
Topic: Energy transfer using ATP

Multiple Choice Questions

16.The most abundant element in the human body, by weight, is __________.

A.nitrogen

B.hydrogen

C.carbon

D.oxygen

E.calcium

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C01.03 Compare and contrast the terms atoms, molecules, elements, and compounds.
HAPS Topic: Module C01 Atoms and molecules.
Learning Outcome: 02.01a Identify the elements of the body from their symbols.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Atoms and molecules

17.Sodium has an atomic number of 11 and an atomic mass of 23. Sodium has __________.

A.12 neutrons and 11 protons

B.12 protons and 11 neutrons

C.12 electrons and 11 neutrons

D.12 protons and 11 electrons

E.12 electrons and 11 protons

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C01.01d Distinguish among the terms atomic number, mass number and atomic weight with respect to the structure of an atom.
HAPS Topic: Module C01 Atoms and molecules.
Learning Outcome: 02.01a Identify the elements of the body from their symbols.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Atoms and molecules

18.The chemical properties of an atom are determined by its __________.

A.protons

B.electrons

C.neutrons

D.protons and neutrons

E.particles

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C01.01b Relate the number of electrons in an electron shell to an atoms chemical stability and its ability to form chemical bonds with respect to the structure of an atom.
HAPS Topic: Module C01 Atoms and molecules.
Learning Outcome: 02.01b Distinguish between elements and compounds.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Atoms and molecules

19.Na (atomic no. 11) reacts with Cl (atomic no. 17) to become stable. In the reaction, Na will ____________, while Cl will ____________.

A.accept one electron; give up one electron

B.give up one proton; accept one proton

C.share one electron with chlorine; share one electron with sodium

D.become an anion; become a cation

E.give up one electron; accept one electron

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C02.01b Explain the mechanism of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds.
HAPS Topic: Module C02 Chemical bonding.
Learning Outcome: 02.01f Define the types of chemical bonds.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemical bonding

20.Oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and an atomic mass of 16. How many valence electrons does it have?

A.2

B.4

C.6

D.8

E.16

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C01.01d Distinguish among the terms atomic number, mass number and atomic weight with respect to the structure of an atom.
HAPS Topic: Module C01 Atoms and molecules.
Learning Outcome: 02.01b Distinguish between elements and compounds.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Atoms and molecules

21.Oxygen has an atomic number of eight. When two oxygen atoms come together, they form a(n) __________ bond.

A.hydrogen

B.nonpolar covalent

C.polar covalent

D.ionic

E.Van der Waals

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C02.01b Explain the mechanism of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds.
HAPS Topic: Module C02 Chemical bonding.
Learning Outcome: 02.01f Define the types of chemical bonds.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemical bonding

22.When table salt, sodium chloride (NaCl), is placed in water __________.

A.Na+ and Cl– form ionic bonds with each other

B.Na+ and Cl– form polar covalent bonds with each other

C.Na+ and Cl– form hydrogen bonds with water

D.Ionic bonds between Na+ and Cl– are broken

E.Na+ and Cl– become separated by their Van der Waals forces

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C02.01b Explain the mechanism of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds.
HAPS Topic: Module C02 Chemical bonding.
Learning Outcome: 02.01f Define the types of chemical bonds.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemical bonding

23.The bonding properties of an atom are determined by its __________.

A.electrons

B.protons

C.positrons

D.neutrons

E.photons

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C01.01b Relate the number of electrons in an electron shell to an atoms chemical stability and its ability to form chemical bonds with respect to the structure of an atom.
HAPS Topic: Module C01 Atoms and molecules.
Learning Outcome: 02.01f Define the types of chemical bonds.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemical bonding

24.What type of bond attracts one water molecule to another?

A.An ionic bond

B.A peptide bond

C.A hydrogen bond

D.A covalent bond

E.A hydrolytic bond

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C02.01b Explain the mechanism of each type of non-polar covalent, polar covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds.
HAPS Topic: Module C02 Chemical bonding.
Learning Outcome: 02.01f Define the types of chemical bonds.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemical bonding

Check All That Apply Questions

25.Which of these is a cation? Check all that apply.

__O2

XK+

XNa+

XCa2+

__Cl–

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
HAPS Objective: C01.02 Compare and contrast the terms ions, electrolytes, free radicals, isotopes and radioisotopes.
HAPS Topic: Module C01 Atoms and molecules.
Learning Outcome: 02.01e Distinguish between ions, electrolytes, and free radicals.
Section: 02.01
Topic: Chemical bonding

Multiple Choice Questions