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A nurse is admitting a client who has arthritic pain and reports taking ibuprofen several times daily for 3 years. Which of the following test should the nurse monitor?
A nurse is assessing a client who is 12hr postoperative following a colon resection. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the surgeon?
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
ATI RN MEDSURG 2020/2021 PROCTORED
EXAM- LATEST (CORRECTSTUDYGUIDE).
Q&A WITH RATIONALES.
1. Ibuprofen use and test to monitor:
o Answer: Stool for occult blood
o Chronic use of NSAIDs like ibuprofen can damage the stomach lining, causing bleeding that might not be visible. Testing stool for occult blood helps detect hidden gastrointestinal bleeding early.
2. Postoperative finding to report:
o Answer: Hgb 8.2 g/dL
o Hemoglobin levels below normal (13–18 g/dL for men, 12–16 g/dL for women) may indicate blood loss, especially post-surgery, and require immediate attention.
3. Medication for diabetes insipidus:
o Answer: Desmopressin
o This condition involves insufficient antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Desmopressin replaces or mimics ADH to help the body retain water and reduce excessive urination.
4. Priority action in emergency respiratory concern:
o Answer: Initiate airborne precautions
o Protecting others from potential airborne pathogens like tuberculosis is critical and typically prioritized in respiratory infections.
5. Breakthrough cancer pain treatment:
o Answer: Transmucosal fentanyl
o Fentanyl, especially in its fast-acting transmucosal form, is effective for sudden, severe cancer pain that doesn’t respond to regular medication.
6. Analyzing telemetry for myocardial infarction:
o Answer: ST segment
o Changes in the ST segment (elevation or depression) on an ECG are key indicators of myocardial infarction (heart attack) or ischemia (reduced blood flow).
7. Radiation skin care instruction:
o Answer: Pat the skin on the radiation site to dry it
o Patting instead of rubbing prevents additional irritation or damage to skin that has already been sensitized by radiation therapy.
8. Blood transfusion reaction management:
o Answer: Furosemide
o Symptoms like hypertension and distended veins suggest fluid overload, a common complication of transfusion. Furosemide helps remove excess fluid.
9. Effectiveness of magnesium sulfate:
o Answer: Lungs clear
o Hypomagnesemia can lead to respiratory distress or muscle weakness. Clear lungs indicate improvement and restored balance.
10. ABG result interpretation:
o Answer: Compensated respiratory alkalosis
o A normal pH with low PaCO2 and slightly reduced HCO3 indicates respiratory alkalosis (e.g., due to hyperventilation) with metabolic compensation.
________________________________________
11. Burn Labs (First 24 Hours):
• Answer: Elevated BUN, Hypoalbuminemia, Elevated Hematocrit.
o Rationale:
Elevated BUN: Indicates dehydration due to fluid shifts.
Hypoalbuminemia: Loss of albumin due to capillary permeability.
Elevated Hematocrit: Fluid loss causes hemoconcentration.
________________________________________
12. Dumping Syndrome Management:
• Answer: Have the client lie down for 30 minutes after meals.
o Rationale: Lying down delays gastric emptying, reducing symptoms like cramping and diarrhea.
________________________________________
13. Risk Factors for Hearing Loss (SATA):
• Answers: Chronic ear infections, Use of loop diuretics, Perforation of the eardrum.
o Rationale: These directly impact auditory health through infections, ototoxic medications, or physical damage.
________________________________________
14. Fresh Frozen Plasma Administration:
• Answer: Administer the plasma immediately after thawing.
o Rationale: Prevents bacterial growth and ensures proper clotting factor activity.
________________________________________
15. Electrolyte Imbalance (Positive Trousseau’s Sign):
• Answer: Hypocalcemia.
o Rationale: Low calcium increases neuromuscular excitability, causing spasms or positive Trousseau’s sign.
________________________________________
16. Care for a Central Catheter:
• Answer: Use a 10 mL syringe when flushing the catheter.
o Rationale: Prevents catheter damage by ensuring appropriate flushing pressure.
________________________________________
17. Central Venous Access Device Issue to Report:
• Answer: WBC count of 16,000/mm³.
o Rationale: Elevated WBC indicates possible infection, a serious complication of central lines.
________________________________________
18. Chronic Kidney Disease Dietary Teaching:
• Answer: I will spread my protein allowance over the entire day.
o Rationale: Helps manage nitrogen waste without overburdening the kidneys.
________________________________________
19. PICC Line Antibiotic Administration:
• Answer: Verify placement with an X-ray prior to the initial dose.
o Rationale: Ensures correct placement to avoid complications like extravasation or infection.
________________________________________
20. Metered Dose Inhaler Use:
• Answer: Exhale fully before bringing the inhaler to your lips.
o Rationale: Prepares lungs to receive the medication more effectively.
________________________________________
21. Referred Pain Indication:
• Answer: A client with pancreatitis reports pain in the left shoulder.
o Rationale: Pain from internal organs can be perceived in unrelated areas (referred pain).
________________________________________
22. Post-Operative Complication:
• Answer: Capillary refill in the left toe is 6 seconds.
o Rationale: Delayed refill suggests compromised circulation, possibly due to compartment ...
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